The coalition expects to blitz multiple contentious bills through final Knesset readings and into law this coming week, the final week of legislation before parliament dissolves ahead of elections set for October 20 or 27.
It intends to pass a quasi-constitutional Basic Law establishing Torah study as a “foundational value” of the Jewish people and the State of Israel. Haredi parties have pushed to pass the law as part of their ongoing struggle aimed at ensuring ultra-Orthodox men continue to receive blanket exemptions from IDF conscription.
The latest version of the law, approved in the Knesset House Committee on Thursday, no longer explicitly places Torah study on par with military service. But maverick Likud MK Dan Illouz argued that removing the key clause “does not change the essence of the law.”
He warned that enshrining Torah study as a quasi-constitutional value without explicitly stating that it cannot be used to justify draft exemptions would still “serve in practice to legitimize draft evasion and continued funding and benefits” for yeshiva students.
Opposition MKs have claimed that since the law would make Torah study the only value explicitly enshrined in a Basic Law — not military service, caring for soldiers with PTSD, or other national values — this effectively elevates Torah study above all other values.
The government is also aiming to pass legislation banning the arrests and prosecution of young ultra-Orthodox men evading IDF service. According to the text of the bill released by the Foreign Affairs and Defense committee, the temporary order would suspend arrests, investigations and other enforcement measures for 90 days against yeshiva students, but in effect the ban would be valid for six months. A yeshiva student would be defined as someone studying at least 45 hours a week (for single men; 40 hours for married men) at a recognized institution designated by the defense minister and approved by the committee.
The IDF and the committee’s legal adviser oppose the legislation, and the opposition is seeking to block it procedurally, arguing that it is being pushed through improperly as a “new topic” grafted onto another bill without adequate substantive debate.
At the same time as preventing the arrests of eligible recruits who are dodging service, the government intends to pass a law extending mandatory military service for those who do serve from 30 months to 32 months. Earlier moves to extend mandatory service to 36 months have been deferred.
Also set for its final reading is legislation weakening the role of the attorney general — the government’s chief legal adviser and the head of the state prosecution — and enabling a process by which the government can fire him or her.
Because of the shortage of time, the bill now being advanced into law will no longer divide the role into two separate offices — an attorney general and a prosecutor general — as the coalition had sought throughout the legislative process. Instead, criminal prosecution powers will remain with the attorney general for now. The coalition apparently intends to draft a separate bill dividing the role of attorney general at a later date.
The coalition also hopes to pass media overhaul legislation prepared by Communications Minister Shlomo Karhi. It would give the government significant control over broadcast media, news sites and other media, and it has provisions designed to benefit the pro-coalition hard-right Channel 14. It has been criticized by the Knesset’s professional legal staff and by Attorney General Gali Baharav-Miara, who have warned that it undermines press freedom and allows for political interference in the media. Its potential passage has been complicated by a clause, opposed by ultra-Orthodox parties, regarding a government media app which would also broadcast on Shabbat.
As part of an agreement with the ultra-Orthodox Shas, a kosher certification bill is also set to pass, which would restore the Chief Rabbinate’s exclusive control over kosher certification.
The hugely contentious bill that would establish a coalition-appointed and coalition-mandated inquiry into the October 7 catastrophe, rather than a state commission of inquiry, passed its first reading on Monday, but it is not clear whether there is sufficient time for it to be finalized and brought for its final readings before the scheduled dissolution.